Application of Life Cycle Assessment for Techno-Economic Evaluation of Rural Solid Waste Management Strategies: Significance of CO2 Emission Control from Waste Management Sector in Abyaneh Village, Isfahan Province
Ali
Daryabeigi Zand
School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Maryam
Rabiee Abyaneh
School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Waste disposal in the current situation, which quantity and variety of waste are increasing, needs not only effective management principles but also depends on environmentally-friendly methods to put as less environmental footprint as possible. This study aims to assess the energy consumption, emission of greenhouse gases and air pollutants which normally produce during various waste management scenarios in Abyaneh. The next objective of this research is to choose the best management method and practice which is completely compatible with the environment. In order to reach these goals, after sampling and waste analysis in terms of quantity and quality, results analysis for nine scenarios was conducted. These scenarios, considered for life cycle assessment, are combination of four waste disposal methods including landfill, recycling, composting and incineration. Life cycle inventory was done by IWM-1 model. The potential of economic saving and greenhouse gases and air pollutants emission reduction in various waste management approaches in Abyaneh were evaluated. It was shown that scenarios number 6, 5 and 2 with combination of landfill, recycling and composting methods have the least negative impacts on the environment. Also, the mentioned scenarios were found to be cost effective as they are not accompanied by greenhouse gas and acid gas emission. As produced waste in Abyaneh is consisted of 38.8% and 59% recyclable and compostable waste respectively, the mentioned scenarios can be viable options for effective waste management and can play an important role in reduction of environmental problems in this village.
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
1
12
https://www.eeer.ir/article_59864_f8da507171941d4853f9b33560b44d07.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.111864.1017
Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Aerosol Deposition in a Room Environment with Under-floor or Baseboard Heating Systems
Fahimeh
Ghazanfari
Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Ataallah
Soltani Goharrizi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Bahador
Abolpour
Department of Chemical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
In this study, heat transfer and aerosol deposition in the under-floor and baseboard heating systems have been investigated, numerically. The aim of this study is a comparison between these heating systems. This comparison obtains the optimal heating system with low suspended particles in the air. Computational fluid dynamic with Eulerian-Lagrangian method has been used to simulate fluid and particles flows. The velocity and temperature distribution have been obtained by solving the equations of continuity, momentum and energy. It is resulted that, the radiant heat transfer contains about 63 % and 60 % of overall heat transfer of the under-floor and baseboard heating systems, respectively. Side walls have a same condition for deposing the particles in both of investigated heating systems, approximately. But, in floor heating system, most of the particles are deposited under the roof, while the baseboard heating system has a more percentage of seated particles on the floor.
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
13
20
https://www.eeer.ir/article_69173_274dbf01a07fdce60ba662f99dedb06e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.130393.1027
Investigation into the Effects of Nanoparticle Size and Channel Depth on the Thermophysical Properties of Water Nanofluids in the Nanochannel Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Reza
Honarkhah
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabas, Iran
author
Yones
Bakhshan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabas, Iran
author
Mahamood
Rahmati
Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
author
Jamshid
Khorshidi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabas, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
In this research, an in-house code which uses the molecular dynamics method to study the flow of different nanofluids in the copper nanochannel and computes the thermo-physicals properties has been developed. The flow of nanofluids has been studied from hydro-thermally viewpoint and temperature jump at the wall has been applied. Parametric study to consider the effect of different parametric such as nanoparticle size channel and depth of them on the flow and its properties has been done. The results show that increasing the size of nanoparticles will decrease the viscosity and thermal conductivity; but it will increase the specific heats of nanofluids. Also, the thermal conductivity increases as a function of the nanochannel depth when the channel depth is increased. Although, the nanochannel dimension has no effect on the other thermo-physical properties of nanofluids. Moreover, the interaction and tendency between water and nanoparticles were studied using radial distribution function (RDF).
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
21
36
https://www.eeer.ir/article_69175_124b23f572b36371b8a867c7738fe459.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.113246.1018
Source Apportionment Of High Reactive Volatile Organic Compounds In a Region With The Massive Hydrocarbon Processing Industries
Masoumeh
Moradzadeh
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, Collage of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Khosro
Ashrafi
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, Collage of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Majid
Shafepour
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, Collage of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
In the Persian Gulf region, conditions are highly favorable for ozone air pollution and the region is a hot spot of photochemical smog. The vast activities in processing oil and gas play a major role in it. It was found that the elevated concentrations of reactive hydrocarbons co-emitted with nitrogen oxides from Hydrocarbon Processing facilities lead to substantial ozone production. South Pars Zone (SPZ) in Iran encompasses the largest gas plants and petrochemical complexes in the world and elevated concentrations of ozone were recorded by air qulity monitoring stations in SPZ. The first step to dealing with ozone air pollution is to quantify Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emission and identify main emission sources. In this research, a reactivity-based VOCs emission inventory established to provide necessary input data for AQSMs and determine which compounds deserve relatively more attention in control strategy. To do this, first, a fully- speciated VOCs emission inventory was prepared. Then, VOCs were weighted by Maximum Incremental Reactivity scale. Results show that alkenes have the biggest role in mass emission (41%) and ozone creation (78%). Propylene, ethylene, isobutylene and formaldehyde have the most important roles in ozone formation. In addition, the major sources of their emissions are the leakage of equipments in the olefin processes and polymer production plants. The contribution of VOCs in the emission inventory and reactivity-based emission inventory of SPZ is pretty different from inventory composition of typical urban areas and areas with gas production industries but it has similarities with areas with petrochemical industries.
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
37
49
https://www.eeer.ir/article_69177_03034120eced6c17fab0a33f07fd4894.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.138251.1030
The Impact of Shocks in Oil price and Exchange Rate on Inflation in Iran: The Application of the VAR Approach
Mohaddeseh
Babajani Baboli
Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
author
Seyyed Abdul Majid
Jalaei Esfandabadi
Faculty of Management and Economics, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Mohsen
Zayandeh Roody
Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Iran is one of the oil exporting countries, so the oil price plays a remarkable role in the government budget and is a major source of foreign exchange. On the other hand, the reliance of the government budget to oil income as well as its fluctuations is a fact referred to as the most important cause of inflation by many researchers. This paper explores the effect of shocks in the exchange rate, oil price, and production as the three main shocks in the economy on the most important variable in Iran’s macroeconomy, i.e. price level. So, the vector auto-regression (VAR) model is used with seasonal data for the period of 1991-2016. After the model is estimated, impulse response functions are calculated and analysis of variance is performed to figure out the contribution of each shock in the variance of the prediction error of these variables. The results show that the strong dependence of exchange rate on foreign exchange earnings of oil price allows the rapid growth of the prices in Iran and the effect of the shock is increasing over time. Also, sanctions in 2012 did not reduce oil price, but they influenced the exchange rate and inflation significantly.
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
51
61
https://www.eeer.ir/article_69181_a76f08c6c2a9bafcab3fbd0f034b3dd5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.142182.1031
Waste Management Planning in Amirkabir Petrochemical Complex
Maryam
Abbasi
Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
author
Hamid Reza
Kamalan
Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
text
article
2018
eng
The Amirkabir petrochemical complex (APC) is located in the south of Iran, on the northern coastline of the Persian Gulf. It has five different units which generate various waste estimated at 3115.98 ton/year. The objective of this study was to focus on the management of the processing wastes for minimizing the adverse environmental impacts. In order to properly manage and control waste generation at APC, the quantity, type, and composition of industrial wastes must be known. Therefore, questionnaires were used to collect data. Classification of industrial wastes was carried out based on a comparative analysis and synthesis of studies pertaining to petrochemical waste management. Whereby unique coding system is essential for integrated management of industrial waste, a thirteen-digit code was assigned for each waste. The main types of waste were 9.58% catalysts, 7.62% metallic materials, 35.77% plastic barrel, 12.66% coke, 4.47 % wood, 4.15% oil, 0.028 % glass, 6.7% cooling tower packing and 18.83% other material. Physical properties analysis of the wastes showed that 11.81% of these residues were liquid and 88.19% were solids. Serious problems were encountered in the present management of these wastes. The waste management at APC was quite complicated because of the diversity of wastes and their hazardous characteristics (88.19% hazardous waste). In some cases, recycling/reuse of waste was the best option, but incineration and disposal are also essential choices.
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2
v.
1
no.
2018
63
74
https://www.eeer.ir/article_59863_94defe8028b9e635e5e74635aefaabbd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22097/eeer.2018.96582.1011