eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
1
9
10.22097/eeer.2019.164295.1064
86034
Worldwide Development of Wind Energy and CO2 Emission Reduction
Hossein Yousefi
hosseinyousefi@ut.ac.ir
1
Atefeh Abbaspour
atefeh.abbaspour@ut.ac.ir
2
HamidReza Seraj
hr.seraj@ut.ac.ir
3
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
One of the most considerable issues in the global society is reducing CO2 emissions of industrial activities and its consequences. Therefore, exploitation of clean energy sources is one of the requirements of the international community. In this regard, the researchers investigated the impact of renewable energy utilization to achieve the low carbon economy and concluded that it can significantly reduce the CO2 emissions of transportation and industry sectors. Wind power offers a sustainable option in the pursuit of renewable energies. In this article, the development of wind energy in the world and leading countries is investigated. It is found that by the end of 2017, the utilization of wind resources has prevented at least 600 and up to 1100 million tones CO2 emissions. Also, if the current rate of wind energy development continues, up to 2100 million tones CO2 will be avoided by the year 2030. Eventually economic analyses illustrated that utilization of wind energy in 2030 can reduce up to 210 billion dollar in global energy costs and more than 300 billion cubic meters natural gas equivalent of fossil fuels resources.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86034_150949adf5f2e7bb16b7078eb4e85e62.pdf
Wind Energy
CO2 emission
Fossil Fuels
Forecasting
eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
11
21
10.22097/eeer.2019.145503.1040
86035
Economic Optimization of the Reflux Ratio of Two Components Stage Distillation Columns
Bahador Abolpour
bahadorabolpor1364@yahoo.com
1
Shahram Nasiri
sh.nasiri@sirjantech.ac.ir
2
Ehsan Khosravi
ehsan.khosravi.dc@gmail.com
3
Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
Distillation columns are complex processes for modeling and controlling. These columns are significant parts of most chemical industries for separation of components. Control of this process is essential for achieving certain purity for products with a minimum cost. However, nonlinearities, multivariable interaction, non-stationary behavior and severity of disturbances inside the column made this process too complex for controlling. In this study a graphical method is applied to model steady state continues tow components distillation column. First, a MATLAB code was developed to solve the mathematical model of the column. Then, the column was simulated using HYSYS software. Finally, the reflux ratio of this column was optimized to minimize the operating cost. A formula is presented to calculate the optimum value of this reflux ratio as an exponential function of a certain economic parameter of energy prices and depreciation costs. It is resulted that at low energy prices or high equipment depreciation costs, the optimum reflux factor is high.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86035_06ad876a256cffa53d5f45ca549a347a.pdf
Two Components Mixture
Distillation column
Optimized Reflux Ratio
Operating Costs
eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
23
36
10.22097/eeer.2019.159908.1052
86036
Economic Analysis of Price Shocks of Production Inputs and Their Impact on Cotton Price in Iran: The Application of Panel Data Vector Auto-Regression (PVAR) Model
Ali Sardar Shahraki
a.shahraki65@gmail.com
1
Neda Ali Ahmadi
ahmadi_15877@yahoo.com
2
Mahdi Safdari
mahdisafdariut@gmail.com
3
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Cotton is a strategic crop with a critical role in the economy and agriculture. The increasing price of crop inputs is the main challenge for the developing countries, including Iran, so that it is crucial for the economy of the states to recognize the underpinning factors. Accordingly, the present study aimed to identify the relationship between price shocks of cotton production inputs and cotton price in 12 provinces of Iran over the 2000-2016 time period using panel-data vector auto regression (PVAR) model. The results to estimate the model and to check the interrelationships of the research variables in the context of the impulse response functions and analysis of variance showed that the variables of seed price, labor price, and pesticide price have a significant positive relationship with cotton price with the numerical values of 0.296, 0.002 and 0.017, respectively. The relationship of the variables of land and fertilizer prices was found to be negative but non-significant with the numerical values of 8.23 and 0.118, respectively. According to the results, to avoid the price volatility and shocks in input and output markets, it is recommended to organize and regulate the demand and supply system of the inputs and output.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86036_98306579624e1171f8ee0d5bea94c755.pdf
Economic Analysis
Price Shock
Agricultural Input
cotton
Panel Vector Autoregression
eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
37
44
10.22097/eeer.2019.155840.1049
86037
Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Management using WAGS Model – Air Pollutant Emission and Fuel Economy in Waste Collection Sector
Ali Daryabeigi Zand
adzand@ut.ac.ir
1
Maryam Rabiee Abyaneh
rabiee.abyaneh.ma@ut.ac.ir
2
Hasan Hoveidi
hoveidi@ut.ac.ir
3
School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Solid waste collection, transfer and transportation (SWCTT) is a fundamental component of solid waste management systems that contributes to both the costs and environmental emissions associated with managing solid waste. The objective of this study is to project the fuel consumption and fuel costs of SWCTT in Tehran from 2018 to 2032. A further objective is to evaluate the air pollutant emissions from fuel consumption of SWCTT vehicles. For these purposes Waste Guidance System (WAGS) and Energy and Environment software were applied. Results of the present study showed that more than 39 million dollars would be required during the next 15 years in the SWCTT sector to supply 366 million liters of diesel fuel. In the context of local air pollution impact, about 9902.8, 6161.7, 73.5, 2639.6, 8065.5 and 4839.2 of NOX, SO2, SO3, CO, CH and SPM will be anticipated to be emitted by SWCTT sector in Tehran during the studied period.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86037_181fc0297b7b90cf7e3d74abd00034b9.pdf
Waste Management
Collection
Transportation
Fuel consumption
Air pollutant emissions
eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
45
59
10.22097/eeer.2019.160650.1058
86038
Choosing the Best Financing Source in a Supply Chain by PROMETHEE Approach
Aida Matin
matinaida@gmail.com
1
Ali Rajabzadeh
alirajabzadeh@modares.ac.ir
2
Meisam Shahbazi
meisamshahbazi@ut.ac.ir
3
College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Iran
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Iran
Issues related to structures of goods and information are frequently discussed in the logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM) literature. But, only few contributions are exploring the financial structures associated with supply chains. This paper presents a framework to identify the appropriate financing source used for supply chain. It is extensively noticed that although various financing sources are available today; issue in choosing the proper one in order to decrease the cost of capital investment with the most effectiveness, still remain in supply chains. In this paper, the proposed framework includes three main developmental phases: (1) identification of financing sources, (2) determination of factors effective on choosing the best financing source in a supply chain, and (3) conducting a numerical study with a questionnaire survey by PROMETHEE approach in the supply chain of downstream oil industries in Iran to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method of the survey. Results show that financing through the capital market is the best choice in the supply chain of the survey.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86038_80943f5fe322366096d17ac80f91318d.pdf
Supply chain management
Financial structure
Financing sources
eng
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
Environmental Energy and Economic Research
2538-4988
2676-4997
2019-02-01
3
1
61
74
10.22097/eeer.2019.163543.1062
86039
The Role of Organizational Structure in Designing Performance Measurement Systems
Samaneh Agha Kazem shirazi
shirazi.sama20@yahoo.com
1
Javad Rezazadeh
j.rezazadeh@modares.ac.ir
2
Gholamreza Kordestani
kordestani@soc.ikiu.ac.ir
3
Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
Organizational structure determines the scope of decisions, tasks, responsibilities, goals, perspectives and rewards for achieving results. In recent decades, due to environmental changes and dramatic technological advances, organizational structure has changed from Mechanistic to organic. The purpose of the restructuring is to facilitate the achievement of the organization's goals. Changing structure is effective on the company's performance measurement system. The main purpose of this research is analyzing the role different types of organizational structures in designing of the performance measurement system of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The survey was carried out through a survey and distribution of 170 questionnaires, 127 of which were obtained. In Iran's economic environment, organic companies with low organizational stages, high stage of decentralization, low formal rules, wide control and horizontal communications, Emphasize the use of balanced performance measurements. The performance measurement system has also been defined as cause-and-effect or fully-developed in organic structures.
https://www.eeer.ir/article_86039_4a569b82fbbb40f4d5ceb5aa2208780d.pdf
Organizational Structure
Performance Measurement systems (PMSs)
Stages Of Performance Measurement System Development
Balanced Scorecard