Nexus Assessment of Water, Food and Health in the 19th District of Tehran

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Deputy Director of Planning for Water and Water Resources of the Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

One of the most important processes in today's industrial world, the Nexus Interaction, is known as Water, Soil and Wastewater (WSW). The purpose of this research is to provide a network model that can be used to determine the state of the hazards caused by Irrigation of land with untreated municipal wastewater. Methods of this study include the stages: knowledge of the study area, quantitative and qualitative assessment of surface water of the ministry of the earth, determination of stability indicators and interlinkeges matrices, evaluation of interveners, comparison of interventions and management solutions. According to the measurements, the water quality index for groundwater was 71% It has a relatively bad pollution and 29% is relatively bad. Also, the amount of metals in the house has only four parameters of barium, lead and vanadium in some places higher than the standard, and in vegetables, the amount of lead and cadmium is more than the limit. According to the Nexus radar chart, the highest The pressure from pollution in the first stage is on agricultural products and then on the health and environment of the community

Keywords


Aalami, M. T., Abbasi, H., & Nourani, V. (2018). Sustainable Management of Reservoir Water Quality and Quantity Through Reservoir Operational Strategy and Watershed Control Strategies. International Journal of Environmental Research, 12(6), 773-788. 
Daher, B., Mohtar, R. H., Lee, H., and Assi, A. (2017). Modelingthe water-energy-food nexus, in Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Principles and Practices, eds P. AbdulSalam, S. Shrestha, V. Prasad Pandey, and A. K. Anal (Washington,DC: : John Wiley and Sons, Inc.), 55–66.
Dawoud, M. A. H. (2017). Water, energy, and food security nexus in the west asian region. in Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Principles and Practices, eds P. Abdul Salam, S. Shrestha, V. Prasad Pandey, and A. K. Anal (Washington, DC: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.), 163–180.
Elgallal, M., Fletcher, L., and Evans, B. (2016). Assessment of potential risks associated with chemicals in wastewater used for irrigation in arid and semiarid zones: A review. Agricultural Water Management, 177: 419-431.
Endo, A., Tsurita, I., Burnett, K., and Orencio, P. M. (2017). A review of the current state of research on the water, energy, and food nexus. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 11: 20-30.
Garcia, X., and Pargament, D. (2015). Reusing wastewater to cope with water scarcity: Economic, social and environmental considerations for decision-making. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 101: 154-166.‏
Green, J. M. H., Cranston, G. R., Sutherland, W. J., Tranter, H. R., Bell, S. J., Benton, T. G., et al. (2017). Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment. Sustain. Sci. 12: 319–331. 
Hettiarachchi, H., and Ardakanian, R. (2016). Managing water, soil, and waste in the context of global change. In Environmental Resource Management and the Nexus Approach (pp. 1-7). Springer, Cham
Hettiarachchi, H., Caucci, S., and Ardakanian, R. (2018). Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture: The Golden Example of Nexus Approach. Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture, 1-11.
Kurian, M., and Ardakanian, R. (2016). Governing the nexus. Springer International Pu.‏
Li, Z., Ma, Z., van der Kuijp, T. J., Yuan, Z., and Huang, L. (2014). A review of soil heavy metal pollution from mines in China: pollution and health risk assessment. Science of the total environment, 468: 843-853.‏
Padash, A. (2017). Modeling of Environmental Impact Assessment Based on RIAM and TOPSIS for Desalination and Operating Units. Environmental Energy and Economic Research, 1(1), 75-88. 
Padash, A., & Ataee, S. (2019). Prioritization of Environmental Sensitive Spots in Studies of Environmental Impact Assessment to Select the Preferred Option, Based on AHP and GIS Compound in the Gas Pipeline Project. Pollution, 5(3), 671-685.
Mannschatz, T., Wolf, T., and Hülsmann, S. (2016). Nexus Tools Platform: Web-based comparison of modelling tools for analysis of water-soil-waste nexus. Environmental Modelling and Software, 76: 137-153.
Scanlon, B. R., Ruddell, B. L., Reed, P. M., Hook, R. I., Zheng, C. M.,Tidwell, V. C., et al. (2017). The food-energy-water nexus: transforming science for society. Water Resources Research. 53: 3550–3556. 
University of Tehran. (2016). Identification and Monitoring of Environmental Pollutant Resources of the 19th District of Tehran Municipality. Tehran. Iran [In Persian]
Yousefi, H., Zahedi, S., & Niksokhan, M. H. (2018). Modifying the analysis made by water quality index using multi-criteria decision making methods. Journal of African Earth Sciences138, 309-318